Evaluation of Thyroid Hormones, Estrogen, and Progesterone among Pre-Menopausal and Menopausal Women in Awka, Anambra State

Onuora Ifeoma Joy; Obi-Ezeani Chikaodili Nwando; Onyeizugbe Chidi Mmaduabuchi; Collins Uchechukwu; Nnoruka Eugenia Obiageli

doi:10.59890/ijist.v3i4.26

Authors

Onuora Ifeoma Joy Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University Igbariam Anambra state
Obi-Ezeani Chikaodili Nwando Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University Igbariam Anambra state
Onyeizugbe Chidi Mmaduabuchi Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University Igbariam Anambra state
Collins Uchechukwu Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nnewi Campus Anambra State
Nnoruka Eugenia Obiageli Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nnewi Campus Anambra State

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.59890/ijist.v3i4.26

Keywords:

Thyroid hormones, Progesterone, Estrogen, Premenopausal, Menopausal.

Abstract

Menopause is associated with significant hormonal and physiological changes that can impact a woman's overall health and well-being. This cross-sectional comparative study evaluated thyroid hormones, estrogen and progesterone levels among pre-menopausal and menopausal women aged 35-65 years residing in Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria. A total of 200 participants, including 100 pre-menopausal and 100 menopausal women, were recruited using purposive sampling from community health centers, women's associations, and religious organizations. Anthropometric measurements were taken, and blood samples were collected for hormonal analysis using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits. Data were analyzed using SPSS with a significance level of P < 0.05. The study found that age, waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels were significantly higher in menopausal women, while triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), estrogen, and progesterone levels were significantly lower when compared with pre-menopausal women (P=0.001). Correlation analysis revealed strong negative relationships between menopause and T3, T4, and estrogen, while TSH showed a positive correlation with menopause. Significant correlations were observed between estrogen and thyroid hormones (P = 0.004). These findings underscore the hormonal changes associated with menopause, providing critical insights into the health risks faced by menopausal women in this region. The study highlights the need for targeted healthcare strategies to support women during this transitional phase.

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