Reformulation of Investigations into Criminal Acts of Assault to Achieve Legal Certainty Based on Criminal Procedure Code Number 20 of 2025

Rahmat Adenan; Nursariani Simatupang

doi:10.59890/ijels.v4i4.328

Authors

Rahmat Adenan Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara
Nursariani Simatupang Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.59890/ijels.v4i4.328

Keywords:

Investigation, Persecution, Legal Certainty, Law No. 20 of 2025, Restorative Justice

Abstract

This study aims to analyze and evaluate the investigation process of criminal assault crimes within the framework of realizing legal certainty, following the enactment of the latest codification of criminal procedure law, namely Law No. 20 of 2025. Law enforcement at the investigation stage often faces a dilemma between enforcement efficiency and human rights protection, which has implications for legal uncertainty for the judiciary. Using normative legal research methods and conceptual and legislative approaches, this study dissects three main aspects: synchronization of investigative procedures, implementation of restorative justice, and horizontal oversight functions. The results of the study indicate that Law No. 20 of 2025 has brought about a significant paradigm shift through the digitalization of investigative administration and tightening of scientific evidence parameters that minimize investigator subjectivity. Furthermore, this study found that legal certainty in the restorative justice mechanism is now more assured due to the standardization of material requirements that limit investigators' wild discretion. This study concludes that while the new regulations have provided adequate normative infrastructure for legal certainty, their success depends heavily on institutional integrity and consistent judicial oversight. The study's recommendations focus on accelerating investigators' competency in adopting integrated judicial administration technology and strengthening the role of judges in overseeing the validity of the pre-trial process.

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